Archive of Journal
Volume 76, Issue 8, Aug. 2020

SELF-EFFICACY AND DECISION MAKING OF HOCKEY REFEREES

Volume 76, Aug 2020
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2020.8.11

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Abstract: In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between self-efficacy and decision making styles of hockey referees. Study design was descriptive and relational. The sample of the study consisted of totally 94 hockey referees, 25 women and 69 men, who participated in the 2019-2020 hall season development seminar held in Antalya-Alanya. Referee Self Efficacy Scale developed by Myers et al. (2012), adapted by Karacam and Pulur (2017) and Melbourne Decision Making Scale developed by Mann et al. (1998) and adopted by Deniz (2004) were used as data collection tools. It was determined that the data did not show normal distribution. For this reason, Spearman\'s rho correlation test, which is one of the non-parametric tests, was used. Descriptive statistics were also used. In the study, it was determined that hockey referees had a high level of self-esteem and careful decision making style in each factor of their self-efficacy and decision making. It was seen that there was a relationship with referees\' self-efficacy decision making and self-esteem dimension in decision making, whereas pressure and communication self-efficacy was also related to careful decision making style. As a result, it can be said that there is a positive relationship between hockey referees\' self-esteem and careful decision making style in terms of self-efficacy and decision making.\r\n

Author(s): Nursen Sahin, F. Pervin Bilir, Ali Yıldırım

THE PROGNOSTIC IMPORTANCE OF CD133 MARKER IN THE CARCINOGENESIS OF COLORECTAL ADENOMATOUS POLYPS

Volume 76, Aug 2020
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2020.8.6

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Abstract: BACKGROUND: The chosen study mainly investigates the adenomatous polyps, which play an essential role in the development of colorectal cancer. The risk of colorectal carcinogenesis can be reduced by polypectomy and close medical surveillance over patients. The importance of stem cells in the development of carcinoma is considered vital. Thus, studying the frequency and prevalence of stem cells in colorectal polyps helps more in the early detection and prevention of cancer in patients. The evaluation of stem cells in adenomatous polyps can provide clear-cut information about the development of carcinoma. METHOD: For this purpose, the study mainly aims to examine the usefulness of CD133, a stem cell marker for the accurate diagnosis of colon polyps. Previously, the colorectal polyps in 60 males and 40 females were pathologically reassessed first at Azerbaijan Medical University and then at the Pathology Department under Meram Medical Faculty. RESULTS: During the investigation, Hematoxylin - Eosin stained preparations were examined and cases with and without dysplasia were identified. CD133 stain was performed immunohistochemically to paraffin blocks of all cases and CD133 stained preparations were investigated by image analysis software and CD133 stained cells in the unit area were automatically integrated into the same image analysis system. At the end of the study, the current clinical information of the cases was reached out, the cases developed malignancy were identified. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, amid the investigation, the statistical significance of CD133 expression was detected in cases with the dysplasia and malignancy. 3 Keywords: adenomatous polyps, CD 133, colorectal polyps, dysplasia, malignancy.

Author(s): Aynur Safiyeva, Nuru Bayramov, Mustafa Cihat Avunduk

THE ECONOMETRIC STUDY OF DEPENDENCIES IN THE TOURISM SECTOR OF AZERBAIJAN

Volume 76, Aug 2020
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2020.8.3

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Abstract: This study aims to identify the econometric analysis of dependencies in the tourism sector of Azerbaijan. The main priorities for the development of the tourism sector defined in the Strategic Roadmap for the development of the specialized tourism industry of the country were investigated in the chosen study. Based on a systematic analysis of indicators of the tourism sector, it was revealed that there is a dynamic development of the main indicators of this sector, particularly, in the income of travel agencies in recent years. However, such a positive trend is not observed for some indicators of the tourism sector. The research paper considers the tourism sector as a complex economic-cybernetic system and mainly examines the quantitative relationship between the core indicators of the tourism sector based on the correlation-regression model analysis of econometric modeling. The degree of stationary and the integration of the tourism sector into time indicators are assessed based on the “DickeyFuller” test. The article builds a linear model of the dependence of the income of travel agencies based on exogenous parameters including the cost of trips, the number of agencies, the number of tourists sent, the number of national parks, the volume of investment, and the US dollar exchange rate. The analysis of the statistics of this model revealed that the model has poor quality characteristics, especially more prone to multidimensionality. Therefore, the systematic refinement of the model was carried out by removing some exogenous parameters from the study. Because of this algorithm, a new reaction of the multiple regression model is obtained, which meets all the conditions of the Gauss-Markov theorem and is consequently adequate to the real economic situation in the country’s tourism sector and suitable for forecasting this sector.

Author(s): Leyla Huseynova

WE SPEAK ENGLISH IN SESOTHO: MULTILINGUALISM AT CENTRE STAGE IN AN ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE CLASSROOM

Volume 76, Aug 2020
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2020.8.9

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Abstract: This study was driven by the need to identify with the English First Additional Language (EFAL) learners perceptions related to working in groups in a bi/multicultural classroom. This qualitative study involved 16 EFAL learners equally divided into two interview focus groups. These EFAL learners were purposively selected from one education district of South Africa. Findings point to how EFAL learners enact multilingual practices in the group work. As learners work in groups, they resort to their home languages as this minimises the language barrier in the learning of EFAL. Working in groups makes the learners improve understanding of content and also language proficiency as the subject under discussion will be tackled using different languages apart from EFAL. It affords them the opportunity to scaffold EFAL learning through translation or elaborating a particular point to each other without the teachers input. It gives them a big sense of collective responsibility and ownership. The pedagogical implication can be made for the broader EFAL teaching and learning context. EFAL teachers should recognise that having EFAL learners work in groups can provide a creative space that is highly conducive to multilingual practices with a specific rhetorical goal that their communicative practices would be situated in.

Author(s): Kufakunesu Zano

EXPLORING TECHNOLOGY-BASED TEACHING FOR SHAPE AND SPACE WITHIN MATHEMATICAL LITERACY

Volume 76, Aug 2020
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2020.8.1

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Abstract: This paper explores the use of technology-based teaching methods when teaching shape and space in grade 10 Mathematical Literacy. It reports on a study located in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The study was conducted in one grade 10 Mathematical Literacy class in which 31 participants who volunteered, attended technology-based lessons focusing on shape and space. This interpretive study engaged with mixed-method data collection techniques and was framed within the ambits of Activity Theory. The data were generated through two sets of questionnaires, learner reflection sheets, focus group interviews and an analysis of a pre and post-task. An analysis of the data revealed that the participants were only exposed to the chalk and talk method of teaching. The findings indicated that technology-based teaching might positively influence the teaching and learning process, especially since we are working with millennial learners. The findings of this study are of value to all stakeholders in education, particularly those who are keen to assist with South Africa’s readiness for the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

Author(s): Jayaluxmi Naidoo, Sharda Hansraj

PRE-SERVICE GEOGRAPHY TEACHERS’ UNDERSTANDING OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AT GREAT ZIMBABWE UNIVERSITY IN MASVINGO

Volume 76, Aug 2020
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2020.8.2

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Abstract: This qualitative study explored pre- service Geography teachers’ understanding of Environmental Education (EE) at Great Zimbabwe University in Masvingo. Kolb’s experiential learning theory framed this study, which embraced a descriptive case study design. Twentyyear two Pre-service Geography teachers (PSGTs) were purposively selected to participate in the study as they were enrolled for Geography modules. Data was generated via questionnaires and focus group interviews. The findings reveal PSGTs have 5 key understanding of EE, namely, EE teaches people to conserve natural resources for the benefit of present and future generation, EE develops understanding of the human interactions and trade-offs with the environment, EE develops understanding of the earth’s processes, EE develops knowledge of skills in Science and Geography and EE promotes safe sustainable interactions. The findings also highlight the learning pertaining to EE that occurred at each stage of Kolb’s learning cycle and thus recommends that PSGTs ought to be truly engaged in experiential learning, via field work, to develop a deep insight and understating of ecological systems and to disseminate knowledge to learners at school level. Therefore, the study recommends that teacher education institutions should develop the PSGTs subject matter knowledge as well pedagogical content knowledge among many of the knowledge bases that characterizes an environmentally literate teacher.

Author(s): Daniel Gamira, Asheena Singh-Pillay

THE DYNAMICS OF PUBLIC OPINION ABOUT THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW EDUCATIONAL STANDARDS IN THE SCHOOL EDUCATION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH OSSETIA-ALANIA OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION)

Volume 76, Aug 2020
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2020.8.7

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Abstract: School education is one of the most important factors of personal development. Socio-economic changes in the country\'s life often lead to educational reform. A crisis society in a state of anomie cannot always objectively assess and adequately accept innovations in any sphere, being nostalgic for the past way of life. The rapid and often senseless turnover of innovations under the aegis of \"optimization and modernization\" in school education generates distrust, indifference and even some dislike among consumers of educational services. Public opinion of the population, therefore, can serve as an indicator of the attitude to a particular problem. The study was conducted in April-May 2019 by the center for research of border territories of the South of Russia ISPI FNISC RAS and the Department of sociology of the North Ossetian State University and is similar to the study conducted in October-November 2012. The article is based on the comparative characteristics of both studies. Main research methods are analysis of scientific literature on the problem in the works of Russian and foreign scientists, surveys and expert opinions, and comparative analysis of data drawn from a massive survey conducted every 7 years. The survey involved 637 respondents-parents whose children were in school at the time of the survey. Additional education teachers, methodologists, and teachers acted as experts. The results of the study showed that society is not ready for any serious changes in the field of education, both from the supervising authorities and from the consumers of educational services, and modern schools are not able to perform educational and educational functions in full and at proper level. For several years, the attitude of the population of the republic to the introduction and operation of new educational standards has changed slightly. Distrust of their effectiveness and efficiency is leading among the opinions. The situation is aggravated by imperfect organization of educational institutions, gaps in the qualifications of teaching and managerial staff, as well as the lack of reliable and full-fledged state policy and funding. We believe that the results of this study will further improve the effectiveness of the new educational standards in secondary schools, and a wider awareness of the role of standards in the learning process will allow consumers of educational services to take a more active part in the process.

Author(s): Dzutsev Khasan Vladimirovich, Kudzieva Fatima Sergeevna, Dibirova Aminat Parukovna, Kornienko Natalya Vladimirovna, Bagaeva Zarina Gennadievna

A TRAIT OF REALITY IMPLICITLY KNOWN TO EVERYONE: THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE THEORY OF MODAL ASPECTS

Volume 76, Aug 2020
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2020.8.10

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Abstract: Although it is not always made explicit, people are constantly experiencing the change fulness of reality. Equally implicit is the accompanying awareness of what is enduring, persistent or constant. Even when the claim is made that everything always changes, most people solely notice the term change without realizing that “change-statements” like these are always accompanied by implicit “constancy assumptions.” Just consider the term just now used: “always.” It captures the meaning of equivalent terms, such as persisting, lasting, on-going, continuing, perpetual, what remains the same, what is identical and what is constant. Consider similar combined phrases such as “things are continuously changing,” “things are constantly varying,” “perpetually changing” and so on. Within scholarly discourse these terms also feature. Mathematical logic speaks about constants and variables and in economic reflections an element of persistence is captured when people speak about sustainable development. This article endeavours to reflect on the age-old problem of constancy and change with special attention for the Cinderella of philosophical thought, the place and meaning of constancy. The primary focus will be on various modes of explanation implicitly known to us within the natural sciences as well as the humanities.

Author(s): Danie Strauss

ASSESSING ASSESSMENT METHODS AT A SOUTH AFRICAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION

Volume 76, Aug 2020
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2020.8.8

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Abstract: The purpose of this article is to examine the influence of assessment methods on student’s learning at a higher education institution in South Africa. This study used a quantitative method to analyse the data. Structured questionnaires were distributed to 50 assessors at a South African university of technology in different faculties. Findings reveal that the traditional pen-paper assessment method was the mostly commonly used method to assess students. Findings further reveal that other assessment methods are used in different faculties besides the pen and paper test. The limitations and implications of the study were explored.

Author(s): Jeremiah Madzimure

HYDROCHEMISTRY AND GEOCHEMICAL FACIES OF\r\nGROUNDWATER FOR THE TLEMCEN REGION: STATISTICAL AND\r\nGEOCHEMICAL APPROACH (EXTREME WEST OF ALGERIA)

Volume 76, Aug 2020
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2020.8.12

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Abstract: The study area is located in the northern part of the Tlemcen Mountains. It contains very important underground hydraulic potentialities represented by the very karstified dolomitic formations of the Upper Jurassic and the sandstones of the Upper Miocene and Quaternary. The hydrogeochemical study allowed us to conclude that the water points that are saturated in carbonate formations undergo basic exchanges between calcium and sodium in the clay fraction of the aquifer, which led to the presence of a deficit of Ca2+ compared to either SO42-, or bicarbonates. On the other hand, water points which are undersaturated in carbonate formations have induced either an inverse base exchange between Na+ and Ca2+ or the dissolution of the carbonate formations, which has led to the predominance of Ca2+ or Mg2+ over sulphates or even a deficit of Na+ over chlorides. Analysis by Main Component and by the Ascending Hierarchical Component revealed the existence of a close correlation between the chemical elements (Cl-, SO42-, Na+, Mg2+, NO3-,K+ and SO42-), indicating the presence of pollution by irrigation water. A second correlation is initiated between Ca2+ and HCO3- indicating the dissolution of carbonate formations. Keywords: Tlemcen aquifers, Multi-variate statistical analysis, Hydrogeochemistry, Pollution.

Author(s): Guettaia Sabrine, A. BOUDJEMA

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SCARIFICATION TECHNIQUES ON THE GERMINATION OF SOME ENDEMIC MEDICAGO SPECIES IN ALGERIA

Volume 76, Aug 2020
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2020.8.5

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Abstract: This work aims at dormancy in medics. At the same time, the storage effect of eleven years. The best results are obtained by mechanical scarification (with glass paper). The percentage of germination reaches up to 100%. However, the average passage in the liquid nitrogen also gives high results, the average germination of passage of the seed in sulfuric acid at 98% for 60 minutes is 65.63% approaches the control. With the mechanical method we noticed that the dormancy differs between species with big seed and small seed. Within the small seeds M polymorpha have a very high germination rate compared to M truncatula. On the other hand, in large seeds it is homogeneous and the germination rate is very close between M. ciiliaris and M. intertexta. Regarding storage, there is no significant difference in germination between populations harvested in 2004 and those harvested in 2012 and treated in 2015, ie 11 years of storage, for all scarification processes. Moist heat treatment was the exception, accounting for 40% of germination variations (p <0,05) and mechanical scarification seems very efficient, easy to apply in the field, and the scope of the farmer but the breaking of seeds is inevitable, so it can be replaced by liquid nitrogen treatment which does not cause breakage or the removal of the seed coat in a short time.

Author(s): Alane Farida, Chabaca.Rabeha, Abdelguerfi Aissa

TOWARDS THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT\\r\\nTO ENHANCE FIRST-YEAR STUDENT LEARNING EXPERIENCE:\\r\\nA CASE STUDY OF A RURAL UNIVERSITY

Volume 76, Aug 2020
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2020.8.4

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Abstract: There have been a growing number of concerns over recent years as to how educators in higher education can assess students and provide them with meaningful knowledge and skills to better develop students’ learning ability. Literature highlights that most teachers view the process of teaching, learning, and assessment as separate tasks which entails that the curriculum must be taught, learnt, and then assessed. However, authentic learning which is “learning by doing,” visualizes teaching, learning, and assessment as on-going activities that happen at the same time and which influence each other. Consequently, in this study, we sought to improve students’ learning experience through designing authentic assessment tasks (mini projects) that were given to Extended curriculum students in 2018 for a period of two months. A total number of 190 students were divided in groups in their respective modules (Foundation Biology and Foundation Information Technology). Here, students were required to make use of Information Technology skills during the research reports and presentations of their project. In this study we administered semi-structured questionnaires to explore the firstyear students’ experience of authentic assessment. It was found that students enjoyed the assessment tasks – although they found them complex because of multiple skills and knowledge required to complete the projects. The findings also indicated that the introduction of authentic assessment tasks resulted in better pass rates, and that students enjoyed the learning experience more when it emulates the real-world experience.

Author(s): Munienge Mbodila, Muhandji Mbodila, Marongwe Newlin