Archive of Journal
Volume 73, Issue 12, Dec. 2017

EFFECTS OF SOIL SOLARIZATION AND SINCOCIN TREATMENTS FOR CONTROLLING MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA (NEMATODA:MELOIDOGYNIDAE) IN EGGPLANT(SOLANUM MELONGENA L.)

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.18

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Abstract: rieure Agronomique, El Harrach, 16200 Alger, (Algérie) Abstract This study allowed to verify and compare the effectiveness of two treatments; one physical "solarization of the soil" and the other biological "sincocin" applied separately, or associated against root knot nematodes, Meloidogyne javanica on a sensitive egg plant crop (Black Beauty variety). The experiment is conducted in a greenhouse at the experimental station of Ouargla University (Algeria). Soil solarization was done during summer time for four weeks, while the sincocin was sprayed at ground level and all around the roots along with planting and 140 days after. In order to assess the effectiveness of treatments, we estimated the population of Meloidogyne in the soil, the roots and the gall index during and after cultivation. The reaction to treatments was measured according to two factors; the vigor and the average production of plants. The obtained results showed that the separate application of the two treatments resulted in a significant contraction among Meloidogyne populations in roots and soil, at the end of cultivation. Combining the two methods resulted in an even greater contraction; which explains their cumulative effects. Indeed, the number of larvae (L2) is 151.50, 177.75 and 10.75 against 756.25 L2 at the roots, and 126.5, 176.70 and 67.50 again st 973.50 L2 in soil respectively for the sincocin treatment, solarization of the soil and the combination of both techniques compared to witness plants. The gall index observed in the roots is also very low in plants treated with the two associated method s (0.79) compared to those treated only with sincocin (1.42) or solarization (1.54) while being (3.55) among witnesses. All treatments have an equal and positive effect on plant vigor. In fact it was averaged at (3.52) for all treatment methods while it eq ualled 1.18 among witnesses. In addition to that, the average yield per plant was at its highest in plants treated with the combination of the two methods 4.01 Kg/plant, thereby indicating their combined action. This production was averaged at 3.7 Kg /pla nt in plots treated separately and 1.59 Kg/plant among witnesses. Finally, these results caused a 152% gain in plant production when the two methods were combined, 138% and 129% respectively when applying solarization and sincocin

Author(s): Djerroudi-Zidane Ouiza, Sellami Samira


PSYCHOLOGICAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS OF CORPORATE SECURITY

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.16

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Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of ensuring corporate security. Corporate security of an organization reflects the condition of an organizational system in which the probability of actualization of danger contained in the threat factors is minimized. In this approach, the psychological security is regarded together with physical security and presents as such a condition of social work environment that does not disturb the psychological prerequisites of integrity of the subjects of labor, their adaptability and development. The issues related to analysis of corporate security are raised in the context of social and organizational psychology. Ensuring corporate security is a controlled process which implies purposeful activity of subjects of work and an option of organizing effective operation aimed at threat prevention. Our survey of studies into the issues of security of a socio-professional group enabled us to single out the following psychological and organizational factors of corporate security: optimum psychological climate (as a result of a psychological reflection of the impact of various aspects of professional activities that manifest themselves in the social interaction between the subjects of work); collective motivation (the values� degree of penetration into the daily life of the staff); corporate identity (identification with the organization urges the employee to care for wellbeing and security of the staff); information-psychological security (objective evaluation and decision-making based on current accurate information).

Author(s): Pavel Aleksandrovich Kislyakov, Artur Artosovich Sarkisyants, Anna Igorevna Rybakova, Vasiliy Nikolaevich Feofanov, Natalia Vladimirovna Belyakova, Anzhela Valerevna Romanova


MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES AND IELTS ABILITY OF EFL STUDENTS IN INDONESIA\r\n

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.22

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Abstract: The implementation of learning in College depends on the level of competence shared by the students. Most of them can carry out the learning process and get the results as desired. Meanwhile, some of them cannot carry out learning well because the lecturers� techniques do not match with learning potential that they have. They are highly required to exercise the learning by using learning strategies appropriate to the kind of Intelligence they have. This research aims to determine the type of intelligence that is owned by the students and look for the extent to which the level of correlation between the kinds of intelligence they have depends on the ability of the IELTS. The research also describes the IELTS score is owned by students in general. This study was conducted using a quantitative method which included Multiple Intelligence which based on Gardner (2003) and IELTS tests. A total sample of 30 students who study at in the English Tadris (TBI) Department of IAIN Imam Bonjol Padang, West Sumatra, were selected as respondents. The results of this study showed that the level of correlation between Multiple Intelligence and IELTS scores and showed a positive correlation with low levels (0.3). The finding of the study also showed that Multiple Intelligences which were dominantly employed by the students were linguistic, musical, interpersonal, and spatial intelligences. The results of the study also showed that the median score English Language Tadris students in the IELTS Test is 5.4. Based on the results of the study, it can then be recommended that the university should strengthen English language for academic and the students should apply appropriate strategies of learning based on intelligences they dominantly have.

Author(s): Martin Kustati, Hidayat Al - Azmi, Hadeli, Hallen, Sermal


FROM DECOLONISATION TO DIGITALISATION OF EDUCATION IN SOUTH AFRICA

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.15

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Abstract: This article focuses on the literature related to the on-going discussions on decolonisation of education system and other sectors in South Africa and the digitalisation of teaching and learning in the country and continent at large. South Africa is going through the post-colonial experience and a recovering process from the wounds of apartheid, with many calling for immediate decolonisation of the entire education system. This decolonisation process cannot be complete without the recognition of African indigenous knowledge systems (AIKS) and the effective integration of the process into digitalisation both for the education system and the content thereof. The study discover a number of facets on decolonisation, Africanisation and digitalisation. This study provides privileges on the role of technology in making decolonisation effective in the 21st century education system. It recommended that successful decolonisation of teaching and learning process and other sectors should be through the alignment and integration with Africanisation and digitalisation initiatives. Finally, a comprehensive DDPM (see Figure 1) was formulated to facilitate an effective implementation of education decolonisation process.

Author(s): Joshua Ebere Chukwuere

CORRELATION BETWEEN GHRELIN AND IL-1 IN EXPERIMENTAL PERIODONTITIS MODELS IN FEMALE RATS AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE LIFE CYCLE

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.17

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Abstract: Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the correlations between ghrelin and inflammatory and bone metabolic markers in differently aged female rats with periodontitis. \\r\\nMaterials and Methods: Thirty female Wistar rats (6 trial + 4 control in each group), were divided into the following 3 groups: a pubertal group, an adult group and postmenopausal group. The rats were anesthetised, and the first and second maxillary molars of the trial rats were ligatured. On the 21st day, intracardiac blood was collected under anaesthesia, and all rats were then sacrificed. Periodontal destruction was verified in maxillary radiographs. The blood samples were centrifuged at 3,000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the sera were tested to measure osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, alkaline phosphatase, tumour necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 beta, acylated ghrelin, total ghrelin and soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligands levels by ELISA. \\r\\nResults: Alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly higher in the trial rats of the pubertal group than in the control rats (p=0.033). In the postmenopausal group, ghrelin was positively correlated with interleukin 1 beta (r=0.708, p<0.05). Among all trial rats, the postmenopausal group had significantly higher acylated ghrelin levels than the other groups (p=0.001). Osteoprotegerin levels were significantly higher in the control rats than in the trial rats in the postmenopausal group (p=0.012). \\r\\nConclusions: We conclude that total ghrelin serum levels are correlated with IL-1 levels in reproductively senescent females. \\r\\nClinical Relevance: Ghrelin serum levels may be correlated with inflammatory cytokine levels.

Author(s): Gulden Eres, Ceren Su Akgun Demirtas, Ayca Dilara Yilmaz


ROLE-PLAY AS AN EDUCATIONAL TOOL WITHIN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION: STUDENTS� PERCEPTION

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.24

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Abstract: In the present investigation the authors consider practical implementation of role-plays in the course of teaching English as a Second Language (ESL) to engineering students. In particular the study aims at exploring students’ perceptions of role-plays as an effective educational tool in acquiring communicative skills in English. The authors outline the procedure for the practical use of role-plays based on relevant social issues. The paper presents a particular role-play devised and conducted in several groups of the first year engineering students. The role-play was followed by conducting a survey related to students’ perception, outcomes and self-evaluation. The authors analyze the results of the survey and present their conclusions based on the students’ feedbacks, suggesting a wide scope of possible implementations of role-plays to meet learning objectives. The role-play presented in the given research is focused on general English rather than professional topics as it was devised as a follow-up of several topics of the first year curriculum for non-linguistic departments. The survey revealed that all the students who took part in the activity managed to reach the learning objectives regardless of their English language proficiency, which gives the authors a reason tо claim that a role-play is an effective tool suitable for enhancing language skills in diverse groups of learners. Another conclusion the authors draw from the results of the conducted survey is that the usage of role-plays has its say in preparing learners for real communication and develop their interest in the language acquisition and self-reflection.

Author(s): Olga V. Sumtsova, Tatiana Yu. Aikina, Olga M. Zubkova


MEASURES TO IMPROVE SCHOOL COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIP IN PROMOTING ON LEARNER DISCIPLINE: A CASE OF THREE PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN MANKWENG CIRCUIT

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.20

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Abstract: The study investigated the role of school community partnership in promoting learner discipline. The study was conducted in three primary schools of Mankweng Circuit in Limpopo Province. In this study the population consisted of School Governing Body and School Management Teams. Purposeful sampling was used to select 2 SGB and 4 SMT with three years’ experience in the positions they occupied. The study followed qualitative approach with case study as research design. The research paradigm used was interpretive because the study consisted of SMTs and SGBs’ subjective experience on school community partnership. Data was collected through individual interviews. Thematic approach was used to analyse data by a way of identifying themes from the interviews and discuss. The results of this study have revealed that SMT members did not involve community because it was assumed that community lack knowledge on issues of learner discipline. The study further revealed that it was difficult for SMT members to work with some of community members due to their level of education. The study recommended that there should workshops to educate communities about school community partnership to promote learner discipline.

Author(s): Makwalete Johanna Malatji, Khashane Stephen Malatji, Mzuyanda Percival Mavuso


A SIMPLE TOOL FOR IDENTIFYING OUTER SHAPE OF WHITE BLOOD CELL BASED ON IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES IN ORDER TO DEVELOP HEALTH FACILITIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.21

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Abstract: The shape and size of white blood cells in the blood are often used as indicators of the white blood cell abnormalities. Meanwhile, the diameter of the white blood cells can be used for cell classification and identification if there are abnormalities of white blood cells. During the identification of white blood cells is done manually by medical personnel with the help hemocytometer that calculation results are still dependent on the observer subjectivity. Another way is by hematology analyzer that has a more precise accuracy but at a costly price. Digital image processing is a method of processing an object in a digital image automatically. In this case, it can be an alternative calculation of the s and diameter of blood cells. In this research, the white blood cells identified using Active Contour methods. The results show that this method successfully detects the contours of 200 white blood cells images in a relatively short time

Author(s): Retno Supriyanti, Mahmud M Afif, Ikhsani T. Hasan, Yogi Ramadhani, Wahyu Siswandari


IMPACT ANALYSIS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT FRAGMENTATION ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCE IN WEST SUMATRA : A CASE STUDY OF WEST PASAMAN

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.14

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Abstract: The purpose of local government fragmentation is to improve the welfare of society through bringing government services closer to the community and stimulating new centers of economic growth. The influence of the local government fragmentation on economic development was investigated using logistic regression analysis. The method of this research was quantitative descriptive using both primary and secondary data. The results show that taken together, economic performance, regional financial performance, performance of public services and performance of the civil servants have a significant influence on the development of West Pasaman (Mc. Fadden R2 = 0.135). After the separation, economic performance of West Pasaman showed little change. The performance of local government including the financial performance, performance of the public service, and performance of civil servants showed improvement

Author(s): Adrimas Unand, Harif Amali Rifai, Dewi Sartika, A Winarno


THE REFLECTIONS OF THE ART MOVEMENTS TO THE KINETIC SCULPTURE

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.3

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Abstract: It aims to investigate the beginning, the development and status of the kinetic sculpture in the 21st century together with its reflection to the art movements. According to our study, both historical and half-mythic character Daidalos, who live in the 1000�s BC, is known as the earliest artist of the kinetic sculpture. Therefore, the first artworks of the kinetic sculpture have been produced 3000 years ago. We have examined in our study the artists of the Mechanic School of Alexandria, are also known as earlier pioneers of the kinetic sculpture, with their works of 2300 years ago. The technological developments have always affected the art. The emergence of the concept of art in society was possible after a certain development of mankind. It starts by using the hand, which means the origin of the technique (techne). Thus, the concept of technology enters into an inseparable relationship with art, and technology takes its place in many current art trends. The new quests in this framework, starting with realism and spreading to abstraction, led to new challenges in art. The efforts to achieve innovation, as one of the reflections of social development, can be named within the framework of performance arts (installation, happening, etc.) produced by modern and postmodern artistic movements. However, these quests start to reproduce themselves at one point and create products in the same cycle. Only the name of the artist changed. The products are nearly same. Art is an act of human being, and anything that affects human affects art.

Author(s): Ahmet Ozer, Ugurcan Akyuz


ZONE BASED OPTIMAL SELECTIVE FORWARDING (ZBOSF) ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR MANET

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.23

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Abstract: Owing to limited transmission range of mobile devices, the information between two nodes in a Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is transmitted using multi-hop communication network. Multi-hop routing along with the support of node mobility make data transfer in Ad-hoc network extremely dynamic. Conventional routing protocols for wireless networks do not perform well for MANET and thus call for a completely different kind of routing protocols. Numerous routing protocols have been proposed, nevertheless, there is a scope for attaining high throughput with less routing overhead and energy consumption. In this paper, we propose a novel approach Zone-Based Optimal Selective Forwarding (ZBOSF). In said approach, we initially identify the location of each node followed by parting the whole network into six zones. If the source and destination nodes belong to the same zone, Location-Aided Routing Protocol (LAR-2) is utilized to route the data, on the other hand, transmission is done through a Base station, if otherwise. ZBOSF lessens the area of discovering a new route to smaller zones thereby brings down the energy consumption of mobile nodes and also reduces flooding of data packets.

Author(s): G. T. Chavan, Vemuru Srikanth


THE IMAGE OF THE “LITTLE MAN” IN THE AZERBAIJANI PROSE IN THE LATE XIX-EARLY XX CENTURIES

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.7

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Abstract: The article is devoted to one of the leading themes of Azerbaijani literature � the image of �little people�, depicted in Azerbaijani prose in the late XIX - early XX centuries. The article reflects the chronological stages in the development of the image of the �little man� in Azerbaijani fiction. The author comes to the conclusion that J. Mammadguluzadeh does not make any authorial interventions in the actions and life style of the image of the �little man� created by him in the short story Mailbox � Novruzali. However, another image of the �little man� created by Abduraghim Bek Akverdiyev, Mirza Safar, differs from the �little man� � Novruzali described by J. Mammadguluzadeh, by reasonableness and proactive attitude. In the article the author comes to the scientific conclusion that through the images of �little people� in the Azerbaijani prose of the late XIX - early XX centuries writers introduced life in literature in a broad sense, interests and needs of the people, including the problems of society, and played an exceptional role in the partial elimination of these problems.

Author(s): Leyla Majid gizi Imamalieva

Development and Preliminary Validation of the Korean Adults Picky Eating Questionnaire

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.25

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Abstract: Adult picky eating behavior is one of manifested behaviors of Avoidant-Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Compared to children�s picky eating behaviors, adult picky eating behaviors have been insufficiently studied to support this new diagnosis. This paper describes the development and preliminary validation of a questionnaire to measure picky eating behavior in adults based on South Korean population. A total of 905 men and women in South Korea participated in the item development and scale validation process. In the first step, participants described their opinion to the open-ended question to ask behavior and attitudes of picky eaters, and 83 items were selected through the Consensual Qualitative Research method by eight evaluators. In the second step, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis supported a 21-items, 5-factor model that included avoidance of unfamiliar food, restricted choice of food, limited amount of food, adherence of healthy food, and lack of interest in food. In the final step, 443 participants completed the final questionnaire and other measurements for concurrent validity, and the Korean Adults Picky Eating (KAPE) questionnaire was validated by structure equation modeling to confirm average variance extracted index and construct reliability. Since associations among the KAPE sub-factors and psychosocial impairment were not examined in this study, follow-up study is recommended.

Author(s): Sunghee Lee, Sanghee An, Doosan Beak


EXPLORING LGBTQ IDENTITY PROFILES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO STIGMAS AND INTENTION TO SEEK COUNSELING IN KOREAN LESBIANS AND GAY MEN

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.28

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Abstract: Purpose: Using latent profile analysis (LPA), the current study identified Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning (LGBTQ) identity profiles and investigated their relationships with stigmas and intention to seek counseling in a sample (N = 306) of Korean lesbians and gay men.\\r\\nMethods: Data were collected targeting adults who were members in queer online and offline communities via a paper self-report questionnaire. A total of 306 questionnaires were used for data analyses. We used latent profile analysis (LPA) and a one-way ANOVA to examine LGBTQ identity profiles and how these profiles were related to self- and social stigmas and the intention of lesbian and gay participants to seek counseling.\\r\\nResults: LGBTQ identity profiles of Korean participants were categorized into four groups: identity confusion, identity acceptance, identity congruence, and identity discrepancy. The self-stigma scores of the identity congruence group were significantly lower than those of the other groups. The social stigma scores of the identity discrepancy group were significantly higher than those of the other groups. Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in scores for intention to seek counseling among the four groups. \\r\\nConclusions: Participants with more negative LGBTQ identities were more likely to perceive stigmas toward help-seeking behavior. For effective intervention with LGBTQ people in South Korea, counselors should consider the issue of stigma as well as attitudes toward receiving counseling services and vary their approaches according to each LGBTQ identity profile.

Author(s): Minhee Cho, Sang Min Lee


A CONSENSUS SCORING APPROACH TO IDENTIFY VIRTUAL LIGAND HITS AGAINST PHOSPHOTRANSACETYLASE OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.5

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Abstract: In silicocomputational analysis provides an alternative towards time consuming procedure in identifying probable hits against protein/enzyme target. The interactions between protein and ligand can be assessed by scoring functions based on the binding modes of ligand obtained from search algorithms. Several scoring functions have been proposed and every method has their own strengths andweaknesses, hence a multiple scoring analysis referred as consensus scoring increases the overall signalnoiseratio. Therefore, top ten ligands obtained by virtual screening of PubChem compounds against Phosphotransacetylase, a putative drug target for Staphylococcus aureus were subjected to re-scoring using mcule, AutoDock and X-score functions. Arank-sum technique was employed which ranksobtained scores followed by applying Dempster Shafer Theory and Zhang rule to identify true hits, which suggested PubChem ID 10096390, an oxazolyl derivative, as best compound with better affinity of binding with Phosphotransacetylase.

Author(s): P. BHARATH SIVA VARMA, Adimulam Yesu Babu, K. Subrahmanyam


NONPARAMETRIC EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF THE SHAREHOLDING AND THE OWNED TEA FARMING SYSTEM IN RIZE, TURKEY

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.2

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Abstract: Tea production is one of the most important economic activities of the farming community in Turkey. Tea production is hindered by numerous production and management problems such as aging, land contraction, late replanting, and illegal tea entry. For sustainable tea production, the near-term strategy is to increase the efficiency of the current tea production systems. To the best of our knowledge, our study, for the first time, analyzed the efficiency level of tea farmers and explored its determinants. Furthermore, the efficiency level of shareholding and owned farming systems was also studied. In total, 138 tea growers from three districts of the Rize Province were selected and stratified by a random sampling technique. The results revealed that farmers can reduce their input usage by 43% without compromising their total tea yield. However, the economic efficiency of the farmers was very bad (score: 0.41). The owner-operated farms were less efficient than shareholder farms (score: 0.76), primarily owing to low technical efficiency. Factors such as parcel number, parcel age, slope, altitude, and erosion risk negatively affect the technical efficiency. However, technical efficiency is positively associated with factors such as the farmers� education level, respondent age, number of family members, land under tea, soil test performance, fertilizer application method, terrace status, and membership of cooperative and farming types (shareholding). A concentrated effort by the government is required to increase the farmer�s skill in tea cultivation. The farmers should be educated on early replanting, fertilizer application, and the benefits of terracing due to the risk of erosion and landslide. In addition, the farmers should be encouraged to utilize their family resources instead of hiring labor to overcome their inputs requirements.

Author(s): Shamsheer Ul Haq, Ismet Boz


INFLUENCES OF HEALTH INFORMATION ORIENTATION AND EHEALTH LITERACY ON OREAN ADOLESCENTS’ HEALTH PROMOTION BEHAVIORS

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.11

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Abstract: BACKGROUND With the expansion of Internet use, the Internet usage rate of teenagers is very high�99.9% in South Korea�and more than half of them are searching for health-related information online. Adequate eHealth Literacy (eHL) and Health Information Orientation (HIO) are becoming more and more important. Thus, this study aimed to describe the influences of eHL and HIO on adolescents� health promotion behaviors.\r\nMETHODS A cross-sectional survey design was used. A structured questionnaire was administered to 161 adolescents aged 16 to 18 years in 3 high schools in South Korea, who participated in this study based on informed written consent.\r\nRESULTS The health promotion behaviors of adolescents were found to be significantly correlated with HIO and eHL. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that HIO, eHL, and subjective health status were predictors of health promotion behaviors of adolescents, after adjusting for general characteristics.\r\nCONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that HIO and eHL can be important factors in promoting adolescents� health behaviors. With these findings we can suggest proper education for adolescents should include enhancement of eHL and HIO. Therefore, educational programs should be developed to increase adolescents� interest in their own health and their actual eHL.

Author(s): Kyoung Ja Kim, Hyun Ji Kim


PAST TRADITIONS IN HIGHER EDUCATION ON WHICH SCHOLARSHIP OF TEACHING AND LEARNING (SOtL) IS BUILT

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.8

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Abstract: In a study conducted by Maphosa and Wadesango in 2014 entitled Interrogating the role of Academic Developers in the promotion of scholarly teaching and the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL), they implored further research along the same line of research in an endeavour to find ways over and around barriers in doing and applying quality Sotl work by eliminating such barriers so that it is not isolated from past traditions on which it is built upon. Related to this was the need to maintain a balance. This desktop study was there for conducted in order to scrutinise some of the past traditions in Higher Education on which SoTL is built, which may be confused with SoTL and articulate how they are related to SoTL. The following four past traditions were identified and discussed in detail in this study: classroom and programme assessment, action research, the reflective practice movement and peer review of teaching. Literature also shows that there are 2 terms closely related to SoTL which are good teaching and scholarly teaching. The study also discussed these terms in relation to the SoTL concept. \nKeywords: good teaching, scholarly teaching, action research, reflective teaching, traditional research

Author(s): Newman Wadesango

UNDERSTANDING THE INGREDIENTS OF SCHOLARSHIP OF TEACHING AND LEARNING (SoTL)

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.12

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Abstract: In this paper the researcher sought to examine the ingredients of scholarship of learning and teaching (SOLT). Scholarship of teaching and learning as a concept was expounded in detail as well as how it enhances teaching and learning in higher education. The researcher further discussed the origin of SOLT and also went on to discuss its benefits and pitfalls. In the paper, critical aspects of SoTL such as active learning, collaborative learning and problem based learning were interrogated in an endeavour to determine how they promote SoTL.

Author(s): Newman Wadesango

Computer-aided regression and validation analysis on a dataset of 667 CiteScore data points

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.4

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Abstract: Progressive increase in the scientific methods of journal citation has prompted to the increase in\r\nimportance of journal metrics. Apart from Impact Factor, CiteScore is becoming increasingly\r\nimportant in the context of evaluating metrics for all journals. CiteScore is a simple way of\r\nmeasuring the citation impact of serial titles such as journals. A dataset of 667 journals were\r\nselected and regression analysis written in R resulted in r2 0.7266. Data was inspected for\r\noutliers prior regression analysis and identified 31 data points belonging outside the sphere. A\r\nnew regression after removing outliers resulted in better correlation coefficients and hence data\r\nwas divided into 624 training dataset and 12 data points as validation setbased on hierarchical\r\nclustering. This resulted in r2 0.7534 and r02 0.6753. Parameter values in Eq. 2 suggests that a\r\npositive value contributes positively towards better citescore of any journal under study. A\r\nmarginal increase in percentile value contributes positively towards increase in citescore value. If\r\nan increase in the volume of authors citing papers in any journal is increased, then the value of\r\ncitescore shoots up. Similarly, an increment in values of citation counts, SNIP and SJR increases\r\ncitescore.

Author(s): K.Varada Rajkumar, Adimulam Yesu Babu, K.Subrahmanyam


PERSONALITY TRAITS AND SELF-CONCEALMENT; PREDICTING MECHANISM OF AGGRESSION

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.10

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Abstract: Do individual personality characteristics or and pattern of self-concealment help to determine different level of aggressive tendencies? We explored the effect of different personality dimensions increased/ decreased feeling of aggression 2) we attempted to explore the predictive effect of self-concealment on aggression. For study purpose 200 university students were selected in age range of 18-30 years of age. Big five inventory (BFI) was used in present study to assess features of personality traits. Self-concealment scale was used to measure selfconcealment tendencies in students, thirdly Buss-Perry aggression questionnaire, assessed aggressive features among the university students. The results of the study showed that personality traits such as neuroticism and extroversion are higher in males and female are higher on personality traits of agreeableness and conscientiousness are higher in female as compare to male students. Regression analysis revealed that extroversion (? = .16, p< .05) and agreeableness (? = -.28, p< .001) explained 13% variance in physical aggression. Openness (? = .16, p< .05) explained 4% variance in aggression. Extraversion (? = .24, p< .01) explained 11% variance in verbal aggression. Neuroticism (? = .37, p< .001) and agreeableness (? = -.15, p< .05) explained 16 % variance in hostility. Further regression analysis revealed that self-concealment (? = .22, p< .001) explained 11 % variance in physical aggression. Self-concealment (? = .18, p< .01) explained 3 % variance in aggression. The study highlighted study personality and tendency of self-concealment induce feeling of aggression among the students.

Author(s): Rabia Zonash, Kehkashan Arouj


NURTURING CRITICAL THINKING IN PRESCHOOL SETTINGS: IMPLICATIONS TO ECD TEACHING PRACTICES

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.27

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Abstract: The Zimbabwean early childhood development policy (Statutory Instrument, 14 of in 2004) witnessed a massive enrolment increase of learners from disadvantaged communities. The challenge however, is that enrolment of ECD learners has not been matched with teachers capable of developing critical thinking. Children enrolled in ECD settings often struggle to show critical thinking dispositions that are fundamental to pre-academic skills. The study investigated strategies which teachers employ in ECD classes to promote critical thinking skills. Qualitative methodology was employed to investigate strategies ECD teachers employed in everyday lessons to inculcate critical thinking minds in five pre-school centres. Qualitative research methods were employed to gather data from five preschool centres in Masvingo urban- Zimbabwe. Interviews and observations were used to gather data on nurturing critical thinking in ECD settings. The study found that teachers employed cooperative learning; questioning and probing among other strategies to promote critical thinking. However, in the majority of cases, teachers lacked the skills fundamental to develop critical thinking, and many resorted to the lecture method, which has not been empirically proved not to be suitable for the ECD age group, especially when the idea is to develop the learners that can think independently and reasonably. The major challenge observed in the majority of schools was the inflexibility of timetables in preschool centres as part of the barriers hindering development of critical thinking. Under such a condition, nurturance of critical thinking in young learners was in small dose and unsystematic. The study recommends that, school heads should design school policies that enforce teachers teach to employ methods that develop critical thinking dispositions. The study further recommends ECD classes to have time-tables that are flexible to provide opportunities for interaction and open-ended questions that nurture critical thinking. As part of their curriculum; teachers� colleges and universities should make critical thinking part of their broader teacher education curriculum.

Author(s): Henry Chinhara, Adewumi M. Toyin, Shumba Jenney


A REVIEW OF ACADEMIC DEVELOPMENT PROVISION IN A HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION IN SOUTH AFRICA: CONTEXT, CHALLENGES, MISCONCEPTIONS AND SOLUTIONS

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.9

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Abstract: Academic Development (AD) as a fairly new field in South Africa has experienced a manifold degree of challenges. In spite of this, academic development practitioners have continued to make strides in providing professional development initiatives in higher education institutions. The main aim of this paper, therefore, is to provide a historic and current context of academic development practice by interrogating its strategic positioning within a higher education institution. In doing so, the paper sketches the context within which AD operates and provides a brief of professional development initiatives undertaken by AD practitioners in a particular university located in South Africa. The paper discusses challenges experienced by AD practitioners and their misconstrued identities as well as misconceptions about Academic Development (AD) field. The study recommends ways in which academic development practitioners can begin to position themselves within higher education institutions and central to these recommendations, is close working relationship with academic departments.

Author(s): Luyanda Marhaya, Munienge Mbodila, Fhatuwani Ravhuhali, Nancy Humbulani Mutshaeni


EXPLORING SMALL GROUP TEACHING IN THE SENIOR PHASE: A CASE STUDY IN KENTANI EDUCATION DISTRICT

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.1

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Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore small group teaching in the senior phase with the aim of identifying suitable approach of managing small group teaching. This study was triggered by persistent misunderstanding of small group teaching that continued to hover Kentani Education District due to poor performance of learners in the classroom. To understand all these challenges experienced by teachers this study employed qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews to collect and analyse data from participants in order to get a deeper understanding of the phenomena under study. A sampling procedure was used to select respondents from two junior secondary schools of deep rural areas. The two schools were purposefully sampled. Fifteen participants participated in this study from two sampled junior secondary schools. A lot of themes emerged from what the participants reported and similar experiences were noted as well as different experiences. From the findings of this study, it can be ascertained that for any teacher to succeed and understand deeply the requirements of his her profession, heshe needs to have a positive attitude towards hisher career, being guided, mentored, nurtured, monitored and supported by Subject Advisors.

Author(s): Wadesango Newman, Pumza Maneli


EVALUATION OF MICROFLORA VARIATION OF CAMEL MILK DURING FERMENTATION

Volume 73, Dec 2017
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.12.6

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Abstract: The raw milk is a highly nutritious product. Its production must be severely controlled because of the potential risks it may pose to human health during fermentation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of spontaneous fermentation on the microbiological quality of camel milk. The samples of camel milk collected in the region of Ghardaa, Algeria, are analyzed during fermentation (T0 hour up to 120 hours) in room temperature of 30 C. The fermentation process showed that the pH value decreased slowly; From 6.53 at T0 to 3.85 after 120 hours. Conversely, the value of Dornic acidity increased rapidly (from 18D to 105 D). Enumeration of mesophilic aerobic bacteria (MAB), total coliforms (TC), thermotolerant coliforms (TTC) and enterobacteriaceae revealed the initial values of 4.79, 3.19, 2.68 and 2.78 Log10ufc/ml respectively. These values are amplified during the 48 hours of fermentation and then decline rapidly to values lower than the initial values except for the TMAB (6.53, 2.36, 1.36, 2.57 Log10 ufc/ml respectively). On the other hand, the initial values of Staphylococcus aureus and sulfite-reducing clostridia (SRC) are low (1.48 and 0.60 Log10 ufc/ml respectively). The lactic flora represented by the mesophilic lactic acid bacteria (MLAB) and thermophilic lactic acid bacteria (TLAB) as well as the lactobacillus (LACB) have a considerable initial charge (4.49, 4.13 and 3.83 Log10 ufc/ml respectively) and increase during fermentation and reaching high values after 120 hours (7.16, 7.57, 8.06 Log10 ufc/ml). These results indicate that the fermentation of camel milk inhibits the contamination flora by the development of the lactic flora.

Author(s): boudjenah-haroun saliha, Mosbah Said, Dahia Mostefa, Boual Zakaria