Archive of Journal
Volume 72, Issue 8, Aug. 2016

PRIVATIZATION AND CORPORATE PERFORMANCE

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.24

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Abstract: This study investigates the effect of privatization on corporate performance in the mining, financial and services sectors in Jordan as a case study of privatization experience of an emerging market. The study includes six Jordanian companies during the period 1995-2015. Two types of empirical tests are performed; Parametric Mean Differences and Non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Sum Test. Empirical results conclude that there is a positive impact of privatization on output, operational efficiency measures, while a negative effect on level of leverage and level of employment.

Author(s): Bassam Abu-Abbas

Chemical Characterization of Needle Volatile Oil of Firwood (Abies nordmanniana subsp. bornmuelleriana Mattf.) from Eastern Turkey

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.35

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Abstract: The essential oil from leaves of Turkish Firwood (Abies nordmanniana subsp. Bornmuelleriana Mattf.) obtained by hydrodistillation was analysed by GC–MS. Sixteen components were identified representing 98.90% of the total oil of which limonen (24.49%), borneol acetate (20.25%) and δ-3-Carene (11.36%) were recognized as major constituents.

Author(s): Kiarash Afshar Pour Rezaeieh, Bunyamin Yildirim, Ahmet Metin Kumlay


A CLOSER LOOK TO PREVERTEBRAL SOFT TISSUE THICKNESS ON MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGES

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.26

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Abstract: Our purpose is to determine the upper limits of normal prevertebral soft tissue thickness and analyze the effect of age, sex and body mass index (BMI) on MRI. To the best of our knowledge, the relationship among PVST thickness and body mass index has not been evaluated earlier. Material and Methods: PVST thickness was measured in 210 patients undergoing cervical MRI for disc pathology. Subjects with congenital anomaly, trauma and malignancy were excluded from the study. Results: A total of 123 subjects (F/M: 91/32; mean age: 42.98±13.45; age range: 20-73) were included to the study. There was a statistically significant relationship between BMI and PVST thickness. The upper limits of normal for the thickness of the PVST were 10.3 mm at C1, 6.8 mm at C2, 7.1mm at C3, 15.9 mm at C4, 19 mm at C5, 18.8 at C6 and 21.1 at C7 levels. There was a statistically significant relationship between sex, age and PVST thickness at C6 and C7 levels. Conclusions: The normal levels of PVST thickness in the cervical region obtained on MRI could be used as part of a screening test in future. BMI influence PVST thickness probably by changing the thickness of fat plane in the cervical region. Sex and age appear to be the determinants of the thickness at C6 and C7 levels.

Author(s): Hatice Gul Hatipoglu, Hatice Nursun Ozcan, Ergun Daglioglu, Bulent Sakman


ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS IN NORTHERN OF ALGERIAN SAHARA

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.37

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Abstract: Aquatic ecosystems play an important role on the ecology of arid areas. Their study is necessary for any preservation project. The purpose of this paper is the ecological characterization of seven aquatic ecosystems in south east of Algeria by the determination of physical and chemical parameters of soil and water in addition flora in these environments. The results of water analysis show that studied sites are characterized by an alkaline pH and high salinity (around 213.3 dS/m), they are charged by soluble salts especially chlorides, sulfates and sodium. Studied ecosystems suffer from pollution which is the result of throwing polluted water and rubbish. Soils are wet; contain important percentage of fine sand, their pH is between 6.39 and 8.67. Salinity is very high, it exceeds 57 dS / m. soils are relatively rich in organic matter and gypsum. A systematic sampling of the flora has revealed 11 species belonging to 5 families. The most common plant life forms were Chamaephytes (45%) composed especially with Chenopodiaceae. Keywords: aquatic ecosystems, ecology, Northern Sahara, water, soil, vegetation.

Author(s): Bazzine Meriem, Hacini Messaoud


COMPARISON OF OCTONIONS AND SPLIT OCTONIONS OVER ZP

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.22

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Abstract: The aim of this work is to find the difference between the\r\noctonions and split octonions over Zp (where p is any prime) regarding\r\nto zero divisors. We first find the conditions for an element to be zero\r\ndivisors and give a closed formula for number of zero divisors in both\r\nalgebra. We also give computer codes to find these elements.

Author(s): Muazzam Ali, Fahad Sabah, Abdul Manan


CURVATURE OF THE TRIAXIAL ELLIPSOID DEPENDING ON AZIMUTH ANGLE

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.21

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Abstract: This study aims to show how to obtain the curvature of the ellipsoid depending on azimuth angle. The curvature topic is quite popular at an interdisciplinary level. It can be to the friends of geometry, geodesy, satellite orbits in space, in studying all sorts of elliptical motions (e.g., planetary motions), curvature of surfaces and concerning eye-related radio-therapy treatment, for example the anterior surface of the cornea is often represented as ellipsoidal in form. On the calculation of the curvature, there is a famous Euler formula for rotating ellipsoid that everyone knows. I wonder how can a formula for a triaxial ellipsoid? so we started to work. And we finally found the formula for the triaxial ellipsoid.

Author(s): Sebahattin Bektas

VIOLENCE AGAINST RURAL WOMEN IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL AND THE CHALLENGES TO GUARANTEE THEIR CITIZENSHIP RIGHTS

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.36

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Abstract: In Brazil, a woman is assaulted every 15 seconds. Violence affects thousands of Brazilian women, regardless of age, ethnicity and social class. Most cases occur within the same household, with the spouse as the aggressor. Some segments of women are more vulnerable to violence, among these we find the rural women. There is an urgent need for compliance with guidelines to fight Violence against Women who live in the forests and rural areas, according to Order No. 85 of August 10, 2010, issued by the Special Secretariat of Policies for Women of the Presidency. This article aims to unravel the phenomenon of violence against rural women in its multiple expressions and the challenges to ensure access to their rights. This is a qualitative and descriptive research, guided by a critical and a dialectical method, based on reports of 58 rural women workers and leaders from Southern Brazil who have participated in the focus groups. The results have shown that rural women partially know the Domestic Violence Act known as Maria da Penha Law; however, this knowledge does not guarantee access to their rights, in view of: the distance from the countryside to the city, lack of a specialized network, gender bias, naturalization of violence, and social isolation, which contribute to non-reporting of violent situations. It follows that violence against rural women are inserted in the context of domination and oppression perpetuated by a patriarchal system that reinforces the subordination of women in the rural areas. Structural violence is manifested by no access to safety net.

Author(s): Patricia Krieger Grossi

CASE STUDY: INVESTIGATING THE CAUSES OF TEMPERATURE BREAKS IN SOUTH AFRICAN SUMMER FRUIT EXPORT COLD CHAINS

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.18

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Abstract: This study investigated the causes and extent of temperature breaks in the South African summer fruit export cold chain from the pack house to the vessel. Numerous causes of temperature breaks throughout the cold chain were found, resulting in many opportunities to improve the management of the cold chain. The most significant breaks occurred at the cold stores during the loading of the pallets of fruit into the containers. The severity of these breaks was much more serious than was anticipated and could significantly impact the shelf life of the fruit. A good cold chain practice guide was compiled, which contains the recommendations from the study. The aim of the guide is to supply the fruit industry with easy-to-follow practices which will assist them in minimizing these cold chain breaks.

Author(s): Leila Goedhals-Gerber, Laura Haasbroek, Esbeth van Dyk, Malcolm Dodd


SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, IN VITRO ANTICANCER ACTIVITY AND DOCKING STUDIES OF SOME TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES WITH [3-AMINO-2-THIOXO-1,2,3,5,6,7-HEXAHYDRO-4H-CYCLOPENTA[4,5]THIENO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDIN-4-ONE ]

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.19

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Abstract: New transition metal complexes of Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Ag(I), Mn(II), VO(VI) and Pd(II) with the ligand (HL), 3-Amino-2-thioxo-1,2,3,5,6,7-hexahydro-4H-cyclopenta[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-one have been prepared and characterized via elemental analysis, molar conductivities, IR, NMR, electronic, magnetic measurements as well as X-ray structure analysis of HL. The results indicate that the geometrical arrangements of the metal complexes are either square planar, octahedral, square pyramidal or tetrahedral. Furthermore, the antioxidant, anticancer and the inhibition of the CIP2A, human cancerous inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A), have been carried out. The homology modelling was combined with quality estimation in order to have reliable model of CIP2A. AutoDock and Vina Methods were used for complexes and calculating binding free energies in order to identify the novel ligands of CIP2A. The results reveal that, all the complexes showed better and dose dependent anticancer activities compared to the ligand.

Author(s): Nabil Saad. Youssef, Eman Ali. M. El-Zahany, Sayed Ali. Drweesh, Hanem M. Awad,, Nasser A. Hassan, Mohamed M. Tarek, Ivan Potocnak


ANALYSING INTRANET SATISFACTION ANTECEDENTS AND TERMINAL OPERATOR MANAGERS� PERFORMANCE USING STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING (SEM)

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.16

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Abstract: This article examines the relationships of Intranet content, Intranet format, Intranet accuracy, Intranet timeliness and Intranet usage on terminal operator managers� performance. The structural equation modelling (SEM) results indicate that all Intranet satisfaction antecedents are predictors of Intranet usage. Similarly, Intranet usage influence terminal operator managers� performance. This study is perhaps the first that investigate the impact of Intranet satisfaction antecedents and Intranet usage Malaysia maritime industry. The results provide insights on how the Malaysia maritime industry could improve upon their Intranet adoption as well as other Information Systems (IS).Keywords: Intranet content, Intranet format, Intranet accuracy, Intranet timeliness, terminal operator managers� performance, maritime industry in Malaysia Paper types: Research Paper

Author(s): Norzaidi Mohd Daud

ALGORITHMS OF EVALUATION OF THE WAITING TIME AND THE MODELLING OF THE TERMINAL ACTIVITY BASED ON THE TRAFFIC COEFFICIENT OF SHIPS IN THE SEAPORT

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.17

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Abstract: This paper approaches the application of the waiting model with Poisson inputs and priorities in the port activity. The arrival of ships in the maritime terminal is numerically modelled, and specific parameters for the distribution functions of service and of inputs are determined, in order to establish the waiting time of ships in the seaport and a stationary process. The modelling is based on waiting times and on the coefficient of traffic.

Author(s): Costea Alina, Gheorghe Miscoi, Ionela Rodica Ticu, Catalin pomazan


THE ANTECEDENTS OF CONSUMER-BRAND IDENTIFICATION AND THEIR DIRECT AND INDIRECT INFLUENCE ON REPURCHASE INTENT

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.15

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Abstract: In this study we analyzed both the direct and indirect effects of the antecedents of consumer-brand identification on repurchase intent, using an integrative approach that includes both cognitive-based and affect-based drivers. Firstly, we conclude that consumer-brand identification is mostly driven by affective factors. Secondly, the research corroborates the importance of building brands around the need for belonging. Thirdly, although the results confirmed the mediating effect of the latter, they also suggest that this effect is only partial, and direct effects have an important role as well. Fourthly, the most important direct and positive effect on repurchase comes from brand prestige. The results obtained suggest that brand managers should focus on improving perceived brand prestige and that they should pay special attention to consumer-brand identification.

Author(s): Pedro Torres, Mario Augusto


AQUATIC INFLUENCE ON MOBILITY OF A CHILD WITH DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY: CASE STUDY

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.25

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Abstract: The study was initiated because one of the authors had a child in the family with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The author was concerned about what could be done to improve the quality of life of this child. The hypotheses explored whether hydrotherapy could bring any relief or advantage in functional mobility to an individual with DMD and whether a water environment facilitates mobility, pleasure, and joy for a young child with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Our sample had three individuals, all of them boys, 9-11 years of age. Two were the control group and didn�t practice any kind of physical activity and the other one was our two-year longitudinal case study during which he experienced hydrotherapy practice two times a week for forty-five minutes each. We applied the Egen Klassifikation (EK) scale to quantify the degree of movement limitation present at each of five measurement points over the two years. The variables analyzed were the physical activity issues and the EK scale values. The descriptive results showed that all three individuals increased their EK scale values over time, showing the inevitable progression of the disease. The individual who participated in the water activity sessions had the slower increase that we inferred, meant less deterioration in functional movement. No inferences can be drawn from these limited data, especially because only one individual experienced the water activities. This study does provide the impetus for subsequent, larger controlled studies to see if they could replicate these initial case study results.

Author(s): Samuel Honorio, Marco Batista, Rui Paulo, Pedro Mendes, Jorge Santos, Joao Serrano, Joao Petrica, Antonio Faustino, Helena Mesquita, Julio Martins


LOW ENERGY GAMMA RAYS MEASUREMENTS AT GROUND LEVEL DURING JUNE, 2016 IN SAO JOSE DOS CAMPOS, SP, BRAZIL REGION

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.20

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Abstract: The region of Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil (23 11'S, 45 52'W, 650 masl) averages for the month of June, 2016 temperatures of 15 and relative humidity around 30% to total rains around 10 mm. Due to the effects of climate change across the planet there year 2016 this large variations in rainfall rate, temperature variation and relative humidity is occurred. These parameters fluctuated strongly from June reaching minimum temperature of 2 C and total rainfall of 70 mm. As a result there were variations in the intensity of gamma rays (0.2 - 10.0) in the MeV region. This work shows the measurements of the intensities of rain and gamma radiation in minimum 1 minute intervals during the month of June 2016. Some conclusions that climate change produced in ionizing radiation in the region is formulated based on these measures.

Author(s): Inacio Martin Malmonge, Marcelo. P. Gome, Bogos N. Sismanoglu


WHAT MANAGERS REALLY DO AND THE SKILLS REQUIRED: KNOWLEDGE PROVIDED BY DIRECT OBSERVATION STUDIES

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.7

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Abstract: The aim of this paper is to identify the required skills needed for a managerial position through analyzing the results of the studies of managerial behavior identified by direct observation. The most important findings in managerial behavior research were revised, synthesized and classified into three categories: 1) The stressful nature of managerial work; 2) The social nature of managerial work, and; 3) The situational nature of managerial work. This classification was used, as a framework to identify the skills that need to be developed to face the challenge of a manager�s job. These issues are discussed.

Author(s): Rafael Alejandro Pineros Espinosa, Francoise Contreras Torres


PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS USE OF MATHEMATICAL MODELLING

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.5

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Abstract: Mathematical modelling is an area in mathematics education that has been much researched but conspicuously absent from the South African curriculum. There has been move towards re-inclusion of mathematical modelling into the South African school curriculum with the changing of the school curriculum. The purpose of this study was to explore pre-service mathematics teachers conception of mathematical modelling and the different strategies that pre-service mathematics teachers use when solving real-world mathematics problems. This study further investigated pre-service mathematics teachers ability to facilitate the understanding of specific mathematical modelling problems. Twenty one senior Further Education and Training students from the Faculty of Education at a University in KwaZulu-Natal participated in this study. In order to obtain appropriate data to answer the research questions three different research instruments were used to collect qualitative data. The open-ended questionnaire and the task-based questionnaire were administered to all the participants, whilst ten participants were chosen to be interviewed. The research findings emerging from this study suggest that pre-service mathematics teachers did not have a suitable working knowledge of mathematical modelling, but were nonetheless able to use their mathematical competencies to solve the three real-world problems that formed part of the task-based questionnaire. It was found that although the participants were aware of different strategies to solve these real-world mathematics problems, they choose to use the ones that they were most familiar with.

Author(s): Vimolan Mudaly, Eshara Dowlath


SIMULATION AND MEASUREMENTS OF RADIATION FALLOUT IN TROPICAL RAINFALL IN THE REGION OF SAO JOSE DOS CAMPOS, SP, BRAZIL

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.23

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Abstract: Simultaneous observations and simulations of rainfall and ambient X-ray rates show that a radionuclide concentration in rainwater inversely depends on a rainfall rate. The effect is explained in terms of an inverse dependence of aerosol collection efficiency on raindrop size.

Author(s): Inacio Malmonge Martin, Anatoli A. Gusev, Marcelo. P. Gomes, Korneli G. Grigorov, Bogos N. Sismanoglu


EXPANDED OBLIGATIONS OF IMPORTERS AND PRODUCERS ON PROCESSING AND UTILIZATION IN KAZAKHSTAN

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.14

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Abstract: In the present article is analyzed legislative acts came to the legal force in the Republic of Kazakhstan from 1st January 2016 in accordance to which the previous importers and producers activity was exposed to essential changes in general connected with expand and detailed obligations on waste processing and utilization regulation formed after loss by goods its consumer and pack properties. Along with that, in the article is considered the actual problems of questions of processing and utilization in the considered branch are in detail, and also ways of its resolving are presented. In resolutely part of the article presented conclusions and a number of optimum and economically expedient offers for importers and producers whose activity will change at the present time.

Author(s): Gulmira Lvovna Nurtayeva, Nurlan Rakhmatullayevich Aikumbekov


NAVIGATING BEYOND THE BOUNDARIES OF ROUTINE PRACTICE: TRACKING SCIENCE TEACHERS MOVEMENT INTO THE ZONE OF FEASIBLE INNOVATION THROUGH PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.8

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Abstract: Continuing curriculum change lies at the epicentre of modern systems of education. Changing educational policies and curricula in schools have implications for teacher professional development programmes which are provided by universities. We underscore the value of curriculum innovating, which involves construction of deeper disciplinary knowledge and learning of new pedagogical strategies, in order to enhance teacher competence within a transitioning educational landscape. Drawing on theoretical constructs from the Zone of Feasible Innovation, posited by Rogan, and Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development, we explore factors which enables science teachers to engage in curriculum innovating. We describe a professional development module at the Honours level of study, which we designed to engage teachers in transforming their practice, largely through self-initiated ideas held by teachers. Our interpretive study which adopted a qualitative methodological approach involved 10 practicing science teacher volunteers, who were purposively selected. We report on data which was generated using semi-structured interview schedules, reflective journal entries by the teachers, and teachers’ portfolios which they had used to document moments of curriculum innovating. The findings suggest that teachers valued the idea of curriculum innovating and believed that it should be a part of more professional development modules. Through the professional development module, teachers developed deeper disciplinary knowledge and a heightened awareness of possibilities for renewed practice. This stimulated increased learner participation and enhanced learner performance, which in turn boosted teachers’ confidence to sustain new practices. This work has implications for the design of relevant professional development modules to enable effective curriculum implementation within changing social contexts.

Author(s): Ronicka Mudaly, Raeesa Ismail


A THERMODYNAMIC STUDY ON THE BINDING OF OLEIC ACID WITH HEN EGG LYSOZYME

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.2

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Abstract: Thermodynamics of the interaction between oleic acid, OA, with egg lysozyme was investigated at pH 7.0 and in phosphate buffer by isothermal titration calorimetry, ITC. The extended solvation model was used to reproduce the heats of OA+lysozyme interactions. The binding parameters recovered from the extended solvation theory, attributed to the structural change of lysozyme. The binding parameters found for the interaction of OA with lysozyme, indicate that at low concentrations of OA, lysozyme structure was destabilized but in the higher concentrations of OA, lysozyme was partially denaturated.

Author(s): G. Rezaei Behbehani

EVALUATION OF CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF IRANIAN RED CRESCENT SOCIETY TEXTILE CO. USING AHP-TOPSIS

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.6

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Abstract: The main goal of the research is to investigate factors associated with the success of customer relationship management system. To do so, hierarchical analysis and topsis method was used to perform prioritization. In doing so, two kinds of questionnaires, pairwise comparisons and topsis questionnaire, were developed, and were distributed among 30 experts of Iranian Red Crescent Society Textile Company after ensuring the reliability and validity of the research instruments. The secondary results of hierarchical analysis indicated that the components CKS,CS,OS,C,IT,P,PR,CRS,KM have the highest and lowest weights across the study factors, respective. In regard to the results of studying factors in overall state, it can be said that the departments Public, R & D, Financial, Commercial, Production, Relations have the highest and lowest priorities among different departments of Red Crescent Society.

Author(s): MAJID MATANI

THE ROLE OF VISUALISATION IN THE PROVING PROCESS OF EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRY PROBLEMS

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.13

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Abstract: This study explores the role of visualization in the proving process of Euclidean geometry problems in a grade 11 Mathematics class. The study investigates whether visual representations form an integral part of proof. This study is conducted within the interpretative paradigm and uses Mudaly�s (2012) adaptation of Kolb�s Experiential Learning Theory as a data analysis tool. Five randomly selected mathematics grade 11 learners from a mathematics class were given two Euclidean Geometry activities to complete. This research was conducted in the second school term but the activities were based on a theorem that according to the grade 11 Mathematics work schedule is planned to be taught in the third school term. The data gathered from this study showed that the majority of the learners in this research regarded diagrams as being a significant part in proof. All participants revealed that they felt that diagrams were helpful in efficiently solving geometric problems. The research also disclosed that although learners seem to value the use of diagrams in proving of geometric problems, they have insufficient experience in sketching their own diagrams.

Author(s): Dr Vimolan Mudaly, Lola Reddy


APPLICATION REMOTE SENSING TO ANALYSIS BANDUNG BASIN LANDUSE

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.38

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Abstract: Urbanization causes changes in land use, because the development is the basis of development. This aim will be Achieved namely; Find about land use distribution, apply remote sensing in mapping land use and analyze the spectral values for each land use/cover class in Bandung Basin. Remote sensing methods used to classify pixels based on spectral values. In the analysis using ER Mapper software to process the image data of Landsat 2010. The analysis technique used is the spectral value by using the band 321. Bandung basin area is bounded by mountains and hills. This basin flows Ci Tarum with a rounded shape. The appearance of a land cover indicated by the pixel values are different. The pixel values of the spread of the value of 1 to 95. (Restructure). Land used for primarily residential buildings have a great spectral reflectance with pixel values 55-95, while land used for agricultures have a little spectral reflection. Sawah has a pixel value of 1-11, forest 12-21, mixed garden 22-27, moor 28-30, shrub 31-36, plantations 37-54. This illustrates that the land covered by a material containing water, the sun's radiant energy is absorbed and land covered buildings will reflect solar energy is great. The high pixel values represent hard-textured objects with low water concentration, such as settlement, offices, and public facilities, while the low pixel valuesrepresent aquatic objects, such as water bodies and vegetation. Reflectance power of the land use is shown by the pixel value.

Author(s): Dede Sugandi, Iwan Setiawan, Nanin Trianawati Sugito


ANALYTICAL STRATEGY TO EVALUATE MAC FOR MBSAS

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.10

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Abstract: MBSAs can allow multiple data communications concurrently by constructing spatially separable beams. Using Medium Access Control mechanism their concurrent packet reception capacity can be recognized. We discussed and analyzed to determine the SPR of MBSAs using reactive MAC scheme. We used the both transmitter & receiver initiated MAC schemes for random & uniform nodes distribution. In this paper we provided simulation analysis of one-hop performance about Slotted aloha & CSMAforsmartantennas. Results shows that CSMA provide constant throughput under high traffic loads and losses occur due to beam synchronization. Slotted aloha performed with high peak throughput by number of beams, but performance decreases after the specified load.

Author(s): Dr. Mohammed ALI HUSSAN, L.Sridhara Rao


INCREMENTAL LEARNING DECISION TREE ALGORITHM FOR KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.11

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Abstract: A prominent learning discovery procedure is Data Mining. Decision trees are of the basic and intense decision making models in data mining. A single constraint in decision trees is the unpredictability and error rate. Motivated by human learning techniques, we suggest a decision tree structure which impersonates human adapting by performing consistent enhanced learning. In this paper, we propose a novel Incremental Learning Decision Tree (ILDT) technique taking into account human learning procedure. Far reaching trials, utilizing decision tree C4.5 as base classifier, demonstrate that the exactness of our system is similar to best in class systems.

Author(s): Mohammed Moulana, Mohammed Ali Hussain


UTILIZATION OF CARBOXYMETHYLYATED COTTON CELLOSE IN REMOVAL OF METHYLENE BLUE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.1

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Abstract: Cellulose was isolated from cotton by scouring in sodium hydroxide, and bleaching. Percentage cellulose obtained was about 96.0% ± 0.70 with a moisture content of about 4.80% ± 0.43. Heterogeneous carboxymethylation in an organic solvent was carried out on the cellulose to produce carboxymethylated cellulose (CMC). These derivatives labelled as CMC-20, CMC-30, and CMC-40 of different degree of substitution of 0.060, 0.078, 0.096 produced using 20%, 30%, and 40% sodium hydroxide concentrations respectively. Carboxymethylation was confirmed using FT-IR spectroscopy. Presence of characteristic bands of cellulose, and absorption bands for CMC were observed in the spectra data of the carboxymethylated cellulose fibers. The presence of strong absorption bands at around 1600−1640 cm-1 and 1400−1450 cm-1 were observed for the three carboxymethylated derivatives due to symmetric and asymmetric vibrations of ionized −COO− group. This indicated that carboxyl groups were grafted onto the cellulose backbone. The anionic carboxymethylated cellulose prepared was used in sorption of a cationic dye, methylene blue. Sorption study of a cationic dye was carried out to determine effect of pH, equilibrium contact time, initial concentrations, and adsorption isotherm models of Langmuir and Freudlich were tested. The uptake of methylene blue was minimal at pH of 2 and increased with increasing pH due to deprotonation of the –COOH introduced onto the cellulose by carboxymethylation reaction as the alkalinity of the sorption medium increases. Effects of contact time shows the carboxymethylated cellulose reached equilibrium sorption capacity of about 70% within 30 minutes, while just about 34% reached equilibrium sorption at about 40 minutes of contact time for the cellulose. Results shows an increase in sorption capacity of the carboxymethylated cellulose as sodium hydroxide concentration increases and sorption equilibrium reaches optimal at concentration of 150mg/l for a sorbent dose of 0.5g. Equilibrium data fitted well to the Langmuir model than Freudlich model for the cellulose, CMC-20, CMC-30, and CMC-40, with CMC-40 showing the maximum sorption capacity of 111.1mg/g. That is, introduction of the carboxylate functional group on cellulose backbone is an efficient method of improving the sorption capacity of cellulose towards removal of cationic industrial effluent containing dye which would have polluted the environment.

Author(s): Mopelola A. Omotoso, A. S. Ogunkoya


INFLUENCE OF BORON DOSES ON THE YIELD OF MUNGBEAN CULTIVARS GROWN UNDER SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENT

Volume 72, Aug 2016
doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2016.8.12

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Abstract: Significance of micronutrients are similarly essential as macronutrients for plant growth and development. Boron has a vital role in biological nitrogen fixation in pulses, which resulted in significant production. Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) is a primeval and familiar crop among Asian countries due to its dietary and nutritional value. A field experiment was conducted during 2013 at Agronomic Research Area, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Pakistan to evaluate the efficacy of B in three Mungbean cultivars namely NM-92, NM-11 and AZRI-06 through the application of B in the form of Borax (11%). The B treatments comprised; 0 ppm (Bo), 5 ppm (B1), 10 ppm (B2) and 15 ppm (B3) on growth and yield of mungbean cultivars. Born was applied as foliar on vegetative and reproductive stage. Results revealed that different doses of boron affected the growth and yield of mungbean cultivars. Number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1000-seed weight (g) and seed yield (t ha-1) was significantly affected by different boron doses. Optimum dose of boron improved the yield whereas dispersion from optimum range yield was reduced. The interaction between boron doses and Mungbean cultivars was also recorded significantly.

Author(s): Jamshaid Qamar, Abdul Rehman, Rafi Qamar,Muhammad Asghar Ali, Kaleem Ahmad and Shahwar Ibne Aslam