Abstract: Since the 1960s, St. Albans Bay has experienced significant alteration in its aquatic ecosystem due to prevalence of an algae-dominated environment. Extensive Cyanobacteria blooms are a severe response to continuous influx of phosphorus (P) from runoff. It is believed that poor circulation, especially applicable to the inner bay, limits water exchange and the P concentration increases over time. In this region, the algal blooms have caused significant property value depreciation, losses in tourism industry and more importantly health concerns. Mechanisms for increased primary productivity of algae depend on physical and geochemical parameters such as transparency, temperature, acidity, nutrient loading, oxygen abundance, nitrogen-P ratios and currents. None of the previous studies have considered the effects of hydrodynamics in their results. In 2007, 13 moorings collected over 1.2 million observations which were later melded with wind data. Preliminary findings show an average counterclockwise circulation in the inner and outer bays along with strong oscillatory circulation (1.7-3.5 d) linked to the larger Inland Sea. In the outer bay, there is a component of northward flow through the Ball Island and Burton Island passages. There appear to be phases of inflow of hypolimnic water from Inland Sea that also flood the inner bay.

Abstract: Since the mid 1990s there has been an increase in the interest for the design and use of conceptual models (ontologies) in humanities computing and library science, as well as in knowledge engineering in general. There is also a wish to use such models to enable information interchange. TEI has in its 20 years of history concentrated on the mark up of functional aspects of texts and their parts. That is, a person name is marked but linking to information about the real world person denoted by that name was not in the main scope. The scope of TEI has gradually broadened, however, to include more real world information external to the text in question. The Master project (Master 2001) is an early example of this change. In TEI P5 a series of new elements for marking up real world information are introduced and several such elements from the P4 are adjusted. TEI P5 is meant to be a set of guidelines for the encoding of a large variety of texts in many cultural contexts. Thus the set of real world oriented elements in TEI P5 should not formally be bound to a single ontology. The ontological part of TEI P5 is, however, close connected to the authors implicit world view. Thus we believe it is important to study this part of TEI P5 with some well defi ned ontology as a yardstick. Our long experience with memory institution sector makes CIDOC CRM (Conceptual Reference Model) a natural choice. CIDOC CRM (Crofts 2005) has been proven useful as an intellectual aid in the formulation of the intended scope of the elements in a new mark up schemes and we believe the model can be useful to clarify the ontological part of TEI. This will also clarify what is needed in order to harmonize it with major standards like CIDOC CRM, FRBR, EAD and CDWA Lite.

Abstract: SUMMARY The restrictive strabismus is the most frequent sequel in Thyroid Orbitopathy Objective. We want to determinate the effectiveness of botulinumToxin (botox) in correct restrictive strabismus and eliminate the diplopia in primary position of look and reading. Methods. we carried out a descriptive, prospective and longitudinal study to 10 patients (17 eyes) with restrictive strabismus of March to June of the 2008, using botulinum Toxin with direct method, without any electrical control, we have registered the effect and stability in strabismus and influence in the systemic disease. Results. BotulinumToxin?injection in the affected muscle was useful to correct restrictive strabismus and offers excellent results in the elimination of the diplopia and in the patients immediate comfort; we dont observe any influence in thyroid systemic diseases. The treatment can be to correct strabismus completely or waiting to go to surgery in a better moment. The botulinumToxin?s effectiveness could be for 4 to 6 months, but in some patients is for ever. We concludes that the therapeutic is a very good choice to treat strabismus not only for the efficacy but also for the safe and innocuous of the direct method of application

Abstract: Lactase persistence is a genetic trait that determines the ability to express high levels of lactase enzyme as adults. In order to have an impression on the frequency of lactase persistence phenotype and underlying genotypes among Sudanese, a total of 298 DNA samples were collected. Lactose tolerance test was performed. PCR-RFLP and ARMS-PCR were used. Our results showed variations in frequencies of the lactase persistence phenotype among Sudanese populations, with significant association with their lifestyle (P = 0.01). The -13910*T allele that is associated with lactase persistence in Finnish was absent in all populations and was only found in 0.07 of the Fulani group. Based on Tajimas test for selective neutrality the results suggest the presence of balancing selection. Some of the combined haplotypes are common to all groups while others were specific to particular lifestyles. We observe a signal of a haplotype (CAC). The absence of -13910*T allele suggest that it is not necessarily associated always with LCTP in different populations and that there might be another underlying polymorphism(s) to account for the LCTP, consistent with Tishkoff and colleagues findings and that this trait might be associated with haplotype (CAC) in Sudanese pastoralists. The presence of -13910*T allele with a frequency of 0.07 in the Fulani may be due to the introgression from migrant populations and/ or a recent incidence of back migration from out of Africa. The departure of the selected SNPs from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium indicates the role of selection as an evolutionary force in this region.