In the article the activity of Council for Religious Affairs attached to Council of Ministers of the USSR in 1965-1985 is analyzed. This public institution functioned by the principle �top secret� (�strictly confidential�) and played a special role in the Soviet religious policy. Council carried out a complex of restrictive actions and control of activity of churches, monasteries, ministers of religion, Religious Organizations of believers. But Council was also the center of information analysis work on studying of religious denominations and quality of religiosity of society. In the system of the State Machinery Council carried out not only control and supervision, information-advisory, but also human rights functions, played a noticeable role in believers� rights protection within the limits of existing Soviet legislation on religious cults.

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